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fjt_567780 - CORPORATIONS OFFICIERS DES EAUX DE PARIS 1788

CORPORATIONS OFFICIERS DES EAUX DE PARIS AU
120.00 €约 915.60 CNY
数量
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种类 OFFICIERS DES EAUX DE PARIS
日期: 1788
铸币厂名称/城市 s.l.
材质 silver
直径 35 mm
模子方针 12 h.
重量 16,85 g.
侧面 lisse
印模 sans poinçon
稀少度 R2
出版目录中的项代码 :

正面


正面的文字 ADMINISTRATION ROYALE DES EAUX DE PARIS ET ENVIRONS ; À L'EXERGUE : 1788.
正面的说明书 Armes de Paris.

背面


背面的文字 LE DIEU DU FEU DEVIENT LE DIEU DES EAUX.
背面的说明书 Vulcain assis à droite sous les traits du fleuve Seine, tenant un marteau et renversant une urne sur laquelle on lit Seine, derrière lui le feu d'une forge et une enclume. Signé DUV.

历史细节


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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