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fjt_533803 - CORPORATIONS Juges et consuls des marchands n.d.

CORPORATIONS Juges et consuls des marchands AU
250.00 €约 1897.50 CNY
数量
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种类 Juges et consuls des marchands
日期: n.d.
材质 silver
直径 32 mm
模子方针 6 h.
重量 10,21 g.
侧面 cannelée
稀少度 R2
出版目录中的项代码 :

正面


正面的文字 LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS..
正面的说明书 Buste à gauche de Louis XV, signé J. B., type Guéant Prieur 552A.
正面的翻译 Louis XV, roi très chrétien.

背面


背面的文字 INSVPER ALAS ADDIDIMVS ; À L'EXERGUE : LES IVGE ET CONSVLS..
背面的说明书 La Justice aveuglée marchant à droite et tenant de la dextre une épée et de la senestre une balance.
背面的翻译 Nous lui avons ajouté des ailes.

评论


Buste exceptionnel. Le terme de consuls désigne les juges des tribunaux de commerce établis par l'Édit de 1563. La juridiction consulaire de Paris se composait d'un juge et de quatre consuls élus chaque année par les six grands corps, comprenant également les marchands et les libraires imprimeurs.

历史细节


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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