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fjt_770331 - CORPORATIONS Claude Chocquet, marchand à Paris 1707

CORPORATIONS Claude Chocquet, marchand à Paris VF
45.00 €约 342.90 CNY
数量
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种类 Claude Chocquet, marchand à Paris
日期: 1707
材质 red copper
直径 30 mm
模子方针 6 h.
重量 8,37 g.
侧面 Lisse
稀少度 R1
关于品相的说明
Patine sombre et faiblesses de frappe
出版目录中的项代码 :
家谱
Jeton provenant de la Collection MARINECHE

正面


正面的文字 CLAVDE CHOCQUET MD A PARIS ; À L'EXERGUE : 1707.
正面的说明书 Monogramme.

背面


背面的文字 VENI CREATOR SPIRITVS.
背面的说明书 Le Saint-Esprit.
背面的翻译 Venez Esprit Créateur.

评论


Il ne nous a pas été possible de retrouver ce marchand ni de déterminer son commerce. S’agissait-il de spiritueux ou d’objets de piété ?.

历史细节


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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